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Eating as an Aesthetic Experience, or even as an Art?
JABČANKOVÁ, Anna Marie
This bachelor's thesis is focused primarily on options, whether you can consider food as an aesthetic experience or even if it is possible to call it art. The main points in this thesis are a rough look at food and the act of eating as a whole, which could then be called a type of "fine art." Pragmatic aesthetics will be the most significant factor in confirming or disproving this statement, as practical aesthetics focuses on everyday and mundane parts of life (as one of the few aesthetic and philosophical branches) and points out the unusualness and eventual aesthetic values. The last part of the thesis focuses on various eating habits and their aesthetic and ethical elements, which can sometimes even fundamentally influence the aesthetic experience of eating. The items listed in this thesis are the main features of an aesthetic experience related to eating and situations when it is possible to call eating an art.
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Theories of Judicial Decision-Making confronted the Functioning of Czech Courts
Blažková, Kristina ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Wintr, Jan (referee) ; Šimíček, Vojtěch (referee)
Theories of Judicial Decision-Making confronted the Functioning of Czech Courts Abstract Judicial decision-making in hard cases is not a rationalisation which legitimates a choice made based on non-legal grounds, but a relatively predictable, determined and just process which draws legitimacy from the rationality of legal thinking and is significantly influenced by the judge's effort to make the best decision possible considering his conception of law and general training. Based on this proposition the dissertation thesis explores the effect of the judge's conception of law and his judicial function on his legal argumentation and his decision-making in hard cases. The main concept the thesis thus being the judicial philosophy. The dissertation thesis firstly analyses the concept theoretically and subsequently tests the theory on real judicial practice. The hypothesis is that judges of apex courts have different judicial philosophies and that their opposing views on grounds of law and their judicial function exhibits itself in their decision-making in hard cases. The disagreement between judges may be characterised as reasonable disagreement. In situations of reasonable disagreement, the opposing parties are incapable of reaching a compromise despite perfectly sound and grounded positions and mutual effort...
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The Moral Dimension of Aesthetic Experience in the Pragmatic Pedagogy
Pelzová, Markéta ; Strouhal, Martin (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
Concept of pragmatic pedagogy is based on the education by experience, which is essential for an individual's development and for the directing of the individual's abilities. Art provides a form of specific experience based on which you can cultivate cognitive and emotional conditions of value judgments and thus contribute to the moral development of a child. The processes of experiencing, interpreting and evaluating the work of art are based on everyday experience and it relates to both the unique requirements of an individual and the conditions of a certain socio-cultural environment in which he lives.
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Čapek's concept of the truth and everyday reality
Černá, Zuzana ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the philosophical basis of Čapek's prose. At the beginning of this work, the topic is concentrated around the personality of Čapek and his life influenced by the philosophical attitude of pragmatism. Further on in the study it has been dealt with the pragmatism itself. The work is focused on the prose such as "Boží muka" ,"Hordubal", "Povětroň", "Obyčejný život" and "Život a dílo skladatele Foltýna", where Čapek viewpoints of the truth and knowledge are being tried to search for. The influence of pragmatism on Čapek's personality along with his own conception of this philosophical theory is demonstrated on the excerpts. The work also shows humanistic values that Čapek advocated and subsequently applied into his work of art.
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The Concept of Educator's Role in American Pragmatist Philosophy and Theory of Education
Puk, Michal ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Mühlpachr, Pavel (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and comment general and exercisable findings of the pragmatist approach to education about educator's role. First, the most important ideas of the pragmatist philosophers are summarized. Next, the approach of pragmatism to education is introduced, and an analysis of the pragmatist thoughts regarding educator's role follows. The thesis has found certain similarity between the concept of school teacher's role and that of adult educator in works of Dewey, Lindeman, and Mezirow. The features, that agree or correspond to each other in these concepts, and conversly those that differ, were described. The main ambition of the thesis is, that it identifies important ideas for educator's role and work, and puts them in context. Keywords: pragmatism, education, educator, neopragmatism, theory of education
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Experimental education in first Czechoslovak republic. At the example of schools in Michle, Nusle, Hostivař
Svobodová, Veronika ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jiří (referee)
The topic of my thesis is experimental schools in Prague Michle, Nusle and Hostivař. It tries to shed light on the circumstances of the birth and end of these schools and to determine their characteristic features. Emphasis is put on the social aspect of experimentation and its close relation to the environment of the First Czechoslovak Republic. Inspiration by modern pedagogical theories is taken into account. The thesis traces the lives of several teachers. As sources were used not only archives but also a series of interviews with graduates of these schools. It aims, on the basis of a comparison of written and oral sources, to give a complex image of experimental education in Czechoslovakia at the time of the First Republic and the Protectorate. Last but not least it tries to answer the question whether experimental schools can contribute to today's education. Keywords: experimental schools, Dalton plan, pragmatism, globalisation, individualisation, differentiation, social studies, coeducation
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Aesthetic Factor in John Dewey's Conception of an Experience Aesthetic Relevance demonstrated by Example of Snowbording
Vyhnánková, Klára ; Kaplický, Martin (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis examines John Dewey's concept of experience, focusing especially on his notion that an aesthetic factor is present in every complete and consummatory experience. It deals with the differences between a common experience and "an experience" and examines how an aesthetic factor works in them. The indispensable role of the aesthetic factor is intentionally demonstrated on the non-artistic example of experiences of snowboarding. The most important findings are developed through the approach of Richard Shusterman's somaesthetics. The theories of these two philosophers support the main idea of this thesis, namely that dynamic movements of the body can bring aesthetic experiences to their actor. Thus, some of the reasons that explain the attractiveness of this modern sport come to light that are not apparent at first glance.
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The Role of Play in Peirce's Semiotics
Borč, Marek ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
This thesis focuses on the basic delimiting of the issue of play within the framework C. S. Peirce's semiotics. Its objective is to expound and explicate the role of the phenomena of play in Peirce's philosophy using selected Peirce's texts and secondary literature, whereas our main starting-point is Peirce's identification of play with the inferential form of abduction. As such play is connected to Peirce's theories of sign and inference, as well as to the concepts of synechism, evolutionary cosmology and pragmatism. This finding sets Peirce's theory of inference within critical logic as one of the key themes of the thesis. In relation to this finding we give a basic explanation of Peirce's phaneroscopy and speculative grammar which in dependency on Peirce's classification of sciences set the ground for our analysis of play as a process of inference as well as a significant function. Within the framework of critical logic we focus primarily on abduction, especially on the question of the validity of abduction as a form of logical reasoning as well as on Peirce's transition from understanding different forms of inference as separate processes to understanding them as a continuous and interdependent whole of the scientific method. We develop Peirce's brief conception of play through an excursion...
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The definition of religion from the point of view of Ch. S. Pierce's Semiotics
Bromková, Petra ; Karľa, Michal (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The work is focused on delimiting the basic problematic of definition of religion in terms of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics. Its objective is througt selected Peirce's texts to interpret Peirce's philosophy of religion, which consists of concept of religion closely connected with Peirce's metaphysics, phaneroscopy, semiotics and agapism. It focuses primarily on Peirce's theory of evolution, the idea of God, the pragmatic way of inference through which one can come to the idea of God, and the relationship between religion and science. I conclude through the interpretation of Ch. S. Peirce's texts that the precise definition of religion can not be pursued in his theory. Even so, the semiotic conception of religion brings a new perspective: the religion could be based on the same principles that govern the science. It can also be understood as a community of people continually striving for truth. This community of people searches in its investigation for answers to the questions about theological ideals. The precondition of faith of individual members of religious communities is an experience of God, who is a perfect and the most general sign and together growth and semiosis in the universe, which people interpret. A believer comes to the worship of God through Musement, a special purposeless...
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